Cross screen picture receiving system



Nov. 19, 1929.

R. H. RANGER CROSS SCREEN PICTURE RECEIVING SYSTEM Filed Jan. 9, 1928 -2 Sheets-Sheet l EESV INVENTOR R H RANGER ATTORNEY Nov. 19, 1929. R. H. RANGER 1,736,219

CROSS SCREEN PICTURE RECEIVING SYSTEM Filed Jan. 9, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 28 26 13 3e I 25 Z,

7:0 1 J l l J 1 62 62 7 32 v 47 /07 /0a 1 59 5 I09 //0 25' //Z I f3 (Ina of Wc/r'ance of Anni/1 Surface PIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 40 INVENTOR R.H RANGER ATTORNEY Patented Nev. 19, 1929 UNITED STATES- PATENT- OFFICE RICHARD HOWLAND RANGER, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR- TO RADIO COR- POBATION OF AMERICA, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE CROSS SCREEN PICTURE RECEIVING SYSTEM Application filed January 9, 1928. Serial No. 245,350.

pictures, facsimiles, manuscripts, newspaper articles, finger prints, checks, advertising matter, and, in fact, all matter capable of reproduction. these various subject matters of which I will 10 hereinafter use the term picture to incliide all, it has been customary to record by the use of heated jets of air, heated recording points, sparks, marking pens, electrochemical action, and the like in paths which have a parallel relationship one with the other. By this I mean that the reproduced picture was built up by tracing marking pulses either on lines extending parallel to each other in one direction acrossarecording surface or by lines which were traced on a recording surface as spiral lines by rotating the recording surface and advancing the recording surface at the same time withrespect to the recording instrumentality. By my copending application, Serial No. 128,720, filed August 12, 1926, I have illustrated one form of the above described types of recording machines.

In the above described types of recording machines the resulting pictures, while in many ways resembling half-tones, were not close enough to an exact half-tone picture to make themselves readily recognized as such. Also, in machines where there is a reciprocating or spiral motion of the recording instrument with respect to the recording surface there are many difficulties relating to the problem of synchronization between the transmitter and the receiver to be overcome.

It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to produce a picture recording device, capable of receiving pictures and the like over radio or wire, in which the reproduced picture more closely approximates the highly desirable half-tone print.

At the same time it is an object of my invention to provide a picture recording device in which the streaked effect so prominent in pictures made with the type of receivers above described will be overcome.

Still another object of my invention is to In the machines for reproducing right.

i I provide a picture receiving device in which it 1s possible to guide the plcture receiving surface into the machlne as a continuous strip and thus avoid the time delays which are.

occasioned by changing from one recording strip to another.-

It is also an object of my invention to provide a picture receiving device in which the recording instrumentality assumes both'a rotary and a reciprocating motion with respect to the recording surface, and thus traces a path across the recording surface which bears a predetermined angular relationship with respect to the direction of advance of the recording surface.

Still a further object of my invention is to provide a recording device for radio or Wire transmitted pictures in which the recording device traces a path of marking pulses upon the recordingsurface ata predetermined angle with respect to the line of advance of the recording strip and in tracing the path of marking pulses first traces 'a path at the predetermined angle across the recording surface from right to left and then at a later period of time traces a path at the same predetermined angle across the recording surface from left to Preferably, the angle should be in the proximity of 45 to the direction of advance of the recording surface, but any other angle is equally, suitable, and I believe my invention in itsbroad terms is capable of being interpreted to cover recording at all I.

angles with respect to either the horizontal or vertical.

Still a further object of my invention is to produce a picture receiving device which, especially in the case of radio received pictures, there is increased accuracy of reproduction, due, in part, to the fact that the recording device is made to approach each portion of the-recording surface twice for the purpose of marking the intensity of light and shade, or pigmentation, in the originally transmitted picture. This double reproduction of each point in the picture readily adapts the device to increased accuracy of re production, since the impulses when received are often distorted, due to the static conditions of the atmosphere, or totally blotted out due to fading conditions afiecting the signal, and with the double reproduction system these conditions are not likely to be encountered at the two separated time intervals of marking or recording such as are provided by the two angular directions of reproduction.

Still another object of my invention is to arrange a picture receiving and recording device in which the reproduced picture will correspond, in a measure, to the bias line work I in photo engraving, as well as a picture which bears the appearance of a composite photograph having the separate lines of reproduction woven in and out at an angle to each other, and at the same time providing an arrangement in which the woven lines .ofreproduction consist of a series of parallel lines at an angle to another set of parallel 0' lines.

'. closed in my copending application, Serial No. 235,431, filed November 25, 1927, of which this application represents-a preferred form of receiving apparatus for coordination therewith.

Av further obj ect'of my invention is to provide a picture receiving and reproducing apparatus in which the difficulties of excess heat for a heated recording instrumentality are avoided by the provision of a heat radiating surface associated with-the heating element.

. Still a further object of my. invention is to provide a double system of recording jets in whichone jet is used for recording in one direction and the other jet is used for recording in the opposite direction.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a system in which there isa single control means for both recording systems.

, Still another object of my invention is to provide a picture receiving system in which there are no reversals in mechanical motions necessary for reversing the direction of travel of the recording surface.

Other objects of my invention are to provide in the manner hereinafter set forth a picture transmitting system which is simple in its construction and arrangement of parts,

' one which is highly durable, compact, efiicient in its use, conveniently operated, readily setup, substantially fool proof, inexpensive to install, as well as a system which is readily adapted" to increased speed of reproduction of pictures, and at the same time a system in which the accuracy of reproduction is increased to a high degree.

The novel features which I believe to be characteristic of my invention are set forth in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its organization and method of operation, together with further objects and advantages thereof, will best be understood by making reference to the following description when read in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a portion of the front and top of a preferred embodiment of my receiving machine;

Fig. 2 is a view, partly in section, showing the arrangement of the air heating and directing means, and is a view taken through a part of the machine shown in Fig. 1, although Fig. 2 is largely a conventional showing thereof for the purpose of illustrating the principle of operation;

Fig. 3 is a showing of a longitudinal section through the signal actuated recording means;

Fig. 4 is a conventional showing of the arrangement of the recording instrumentalities,

showing the signal actuated and the nonsignal actuated recording devices; and,

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic showing of the two sets of recording action upon the continuously advanced recording surface and illustrates, in a conventional manner, the method of building up the recorded picture.

To now make reference to. the accompanying drawings, the invention consists essentially in a rotary recording means revolving beneath and advancing transversely with respect to a fixed semicircular plate provided with two slots each making an angle of approximately 45" with respect to the horizontal or to the line of advance of a recording strip which is carried by the fixed semicircular plate for recording picture impulses. Appropriate means for advancing the recording surface with respect to the semicircular slotted plate and the recording apparatus is provided and this may, if desired, be of the nature of that set forth in my copending ap-' plication, Serial No. 235,431, filed November 25, 1927, although any other preferred form of embodiment may be substituted, such for example as is disclosed by my copending application Serial No. 128,720, filed August 12, 1926.

a To now make direct reference to Fig. 1 of the drawings, which I wish to be understood is merely illustratedfor the purpose of giving a concrete illustration of an application of the invention although the invention is capable of various modifications and changes such as fairly fallwithin its scope and disclosure, the arrangement shown has closely followed that disclosed in my copending case,

Serial No. 235,431, above referred to, and is a typical form ofreceiving device for working with the transmitting device of the cross screen character; A motor and appropriate type of gear reduction mechanism (not shown) is preferably used for driving the shaft 1, provided with the endless spiral slot 2, as well as for rotating the cylinder 3 through the'mcans of worm and gear con nections .(not shown, since it is not of the ess'ence of the invention and isdisclosed by copending application SerialNo. 235,431).

Extending longitudinally of thecylinder 3 and substantially the entire length thereof on diametrically opposite sides of the cylinder is a slotted portion 4. A rotary recording head generally designated 5 is carried on and about the rotary cylinder 3 and it is this rotary recording head that carries the signal actuated instrumentalities for producing the picture which corresponds to that picture which is transmitted to the receiver by wire, Wired radio, or radio, or any other means of communication from a near or remote point. The semicircular shaped plate member 7 is curved about the cylinder 3 and the rotary recording head 5 and is arranged so as to carry a continuously advancing recording surface probably of the general character disclosed by my copending application which was filed jointly with R. S. Bicknell as Serial No. 303,-

108 on August 30, 1928. The semicircular shaped plate member 7 is provided with two slots 8 and 9, each arranged at an angle of approximately 45 to the line of advance of the paper recording strip or at 45 to the axis of the rotary cylinder 3 for a purpose to be hereinafter set forth. The slots 8 and 9 cross at about their mid-point and at the end of each slot there is preferably arranged a sort of reversing curved portion which will also be later described. While I have above set forth that the slots are preferably at an angle of 45 with respectto the vertical and horizontal, this is merely stated for the purpose of illustrating a concrete example of 'one embodiment of my invention and it is to be understood that any other suitable angle may be substituted for my 45 arrangement and still fall within the scope and objects of the invention.

An arrangement for advancing a recording strip of the character above disclosed over the back surface of the semicircular shaped slotted plate member 7 has been disclosed by my copending application, Serial No. 235,- 431, filed November 26, 1927, and has not been herein reproduced, but to explain the same briefly it may consist of a series of belts driven at a reduced speed from that of the cam shaft 1 so as to continuously advance, by

means of the friction drive, a recording surface, as the cam shaft is rotating. If desired, appropriate means of interrupting the drive and regulating tension of the belts may be 3 in its longitudinal movement by means of rollers which are guided in the longitudinal slot 4. This provides-that the rotary recording head 5 must turn at the same rate of speed as the cylinder 3. Also, it is necessary that the rotary recording head, 5 be advanced longitudinally of the cylinder 3 for the purpose of producing a recording action back and forth across the surface of the recording medium. I have provided a suitable arrangement for this purpose by means of the guide sleeve 10 which rides upon the cam shaft 1 and has an inwardly extending pin (not shown) resting in the cam slot 2 which is of an endless spiral character so that as the cam shaft is turning the guidesleeve 10 is advanced'longitudinally of the cam shaft. By means of the pins 11 extending downwardly from the guide sleeve 10 and resting on either side of a spindle 12, the guide sleeve is unable to assume any rotary motion and all motion derived from the turning of the cam shaft must be that of moving the guide sleeve back and forth longitudinally of the cam shaft.

On the rotary recording head 5 and at one end thereof is a slotted or grooved portion 13 in which a pin 14 mounted upon an overhanging bracket 15 carried by the guide sleeve 10 is arranged to slide. It is this pin 14 sliding in the groove or guide slot 13 that carries the rotary recording head 5 back and forth longitudinally of the rotary cylinder 3.

Due to, the turning of the cylinder 3, at all times at a slower rate than that of the cam shaft, the rotary recording head 5 is continuously assuming a rotary motion due to the cylinder 3 and a longitudinal motion in direction from. left to right and right to left on the cylinder 3 due to motion derived-from the cam shaft 1. and translated through the bracket 15 and guide pin 14. By reason of the reverse spiral grooves on the cam shaft 1, as the guide sleevelO comes to one end of the cam shaft it is immediately reversed and travels to the other end of the cam shaft. This reversal, however, it will be seen, does not necessitate any reversal of mechanical parts, for the cam shaft 1 is at all times turning in the same direction and the endless spiral grooves 2 automatically change the direction of guide sleeve travel.

I will now endeavor to describe a preferable embodiment of the rotary recording head 5, which may be also determined by the consideration of Figs. 2, 3 and 4 showing both details thereof and conventional embodiments for illustrating the principle of the invention. The rotary recording head 5 preferably consists of two parts generally designated 6 and 7 of which 7 is the portion serving to guide the recording head 5 in its longitudinal motion with respect to the cylinder 3 and the part 6 is the part for conducting the recording medium (in this case the bracket members to be hereinafter described,

I prefer to mount the recording instrument which, in the case illustrated, is that of a plurality of hot and cold air jets for directing a heated air blast against the recording surface and dissipating the heat in accordance with cold air regulated in accordance with various signal intensities.

To now describe the part 6 of the recording head and in this connection to refer'to the right hand portion of Fig. 2 in conjunction with the showing in Fig. 1, the recording medium is led from a hose 16 to a tube 17 having a supporting block 98 for rigidly holding the'same mounted upon the guide sleeve 10. At the end of the tube 17, and by any suitable arrangement of joints the air coming from the hose 16 is led into a bevelled ring 18 hav ing an opening 19 therein. The opening 19 is formed in Y'formation at its inner end.

The ring 18 is held securely with respect to rotary motion by means of a bracket 20 carried by the guide sleevalO and having a con-- nection from the outer end thereof to the ring 18, so that the ring 18 is fixed and unable to assume any rotary motion with respect to rotat-ion of the rotary recording head 5. Carried on the cylinder 3 is a large ring 21 rovided with a recess orgroove 22 extending about the circumference thereof and'arranged so as to receive air through the Y' shaped opening 19, and also leading into this recess or groove 22 are tubular openings 23 formed within the sleeve 21. The ends of the tubular openings 23 are provided with threads so that a connection may be made to one of the recording means and as shown in Fig. 2. The connection is by way of any preferred type of joint 24, through which air coming through the opening 19 and into the recessed or grooved portion 22 is led into the tube 23 and through the joint connection 24 is carriedto' a conductingtube 25. For the purpose of making the arrangement airtight I have chosen to make the ring18 of a bevelled con struction, as illustrated by Fig. 2, and tightly fix this ring with respect to the sleeve 21 by means of a ring 26 threaded to the sleeve 21 having its bevelled face extending in a di- I 'rectionopposite that of the bevel on the ring 18 and, also, by means of a second ring 27 having a like construction to that of ring26 and also threaded upon the sleeve portion 21. The small ring 28 is provided for locking the ring 26 and a ring 29 for locking the ring 27 in its desired position.

Carried by the bracket member 20, as above described, is a locking means for preventing rotational motion of the ring 18 provided for carrying air to the recessed or grooved portion of the sleeve 21 so as to provide an air chamber therein. Also, associated with this locking means is a lubricating system 130 for feeding greaseor very heavy oil into the air chamber so that this may be covered with a thin film of grease or oil and provide a means forreducing the frictionbetween the rotating locking rings 26 and 27 and the'fixed ring 18 aswell as to provide a means for maintaining constant pressure within the recessed or grooved portion 22 of the sleeve 21 by reason of the fact that air confined therein is not permitted to leak out.

To now again refer'to Figs. 1 and 3 more specifically the sleeve 21 also has other air connections, as those shown by Fig. 4 and it will be noted that two of the connections are provided with needle valves 30 for regulating the amount of air which passes through the connection 24 and into the tubes 25 for the purpose of regulating the amount of air supplied to the cold air jets. 1

To now describe the recording mechanism, the same consists of a pair of hot and cold air jets in which each hot air jet is continuously projecting a heated air blast outwardly and in which each cold air jet directs a cold air blast across the path of the hot air jet to dissipate the hot air in accordance with the variations in signal intensity. A conventional showing of a preferred embodiment of my arrange- 'ment consisting in a pair ofhot air jets and a pair of cold air jets is indicated by Fig. 4 and it will be noted that the hot air jets 31 and'32 are directed in diametrically opposite positions. The air issuing from these jets 31 element preferably is mounted upon brackets 36 supported from the tie-rods 8 supportin the two portions of the rotary recording hea 5. and includes a heat radiatin surface 77 surroundin the heating coils. Ihe surface,

77 is provi ed with various openings 79, for

the purpose of forming a surface which readily radiates heat. Without the surface 77 readily radiating heat, the heat developed by the heating coils 33 and 34 would be so excessive as to tend to burn out the heating coils as well as the entire machine. It'is thus seen that air entering into the heater element 35 from the tubular members 25 is heated andv finds a free passage through the heater elements in opposite directions through the hot air jets 31 and 32-to the nozzle portions 36 and 37 where it is projected outwardly with a considerable velocity. The coils for heatin a manner to be hereinafter set forth.

For the purpose of controlling the amount ofheat effective on the recording surface issuingfrom the nozzle-portions 36 an 37 of the jets 31 and 32 I have arranged a plurality of cold air jets 38 and 39 having nozzle portions 40 and 41 directing a cold air blast across the'path of the heated ai'r issuing from the nozzles 36 and 37. For thepurpose of regulating the amount of air entering the cold air jets 38 and 39 I have provided each cold air system with needle valves 30 which may be 4 of any desired and known form and capable.

of being regulated with considerable accuracy. The cold air jet is preferably of similar characteristics to those which were disclosed by my copending application, Serial No. 128,720, filed August 12, 1926.

The cold air jets have air carried to them through the connecting tubes to a port 42 above the air jets 38 or 39. From this port air is directed into a small iron cylinder 43 having a central opening 44-extending longitudinally therethrough. Directly below the iron cylinder 43 is an electromagnetic valve, generally designated 45, and comprises the cylindrical stem 46 having a flute 47 on diametrically opposite sides thereof .through which air may pass. Toward the bottom of this valve there is a necked portion 48 into which incoming air from the supply tube 25 isjpassed. The air is held within the chamber 49 by thevalve proper 50. The valve 50 is provided with a conical seat portion 51 resting upon a valve seat 52 ofthe valve supporting structure. Directly below the valve" seat is a second air chamber 53 from which leads'the connecting passage 54 to the air-directing the nozzles 40 or 41. The upper part .of the valve and its supporting structure together'with the iron cylinder is enclosed by a cylindrical casing 38 or. 39 carried by the sunports 36 which is also used for supporting the hot air jets. Carried also by t e enclosing structure or casings 38. or 39 is an electromagnet 55 to which current is supplied .-through the leads 56, 57. WVhen'the current is supplied to the magnet 55 the valve 45 will be drawn upward so as to bring the valve seat 51 into a closedposition whereby air-is unable to flow. However, upon a decrease of current strength in themagnet the valve 45 will be released and dropped so thatair may pass from the supply tube 25, through the p chamber, 42, throughthe opening 44, into the cylinder 43, through the fluted portion 47 of the valve 45 andinto the chamber 53 from which it is passed outwardly through the nozzle 40 or 41. The supply of cold air in the case is extremely even due to the air cushioning effect in the chamber 53 which is caused.

by making the opening into the nozzle 40 orhereinafter described in conjunction with the connections for the heating elementfor the hot air jet but it will be now stated that the cold air is controlled by variations in the various signal intensities influencing a receiver of any suitable character.

It is thus seen that the hot air is continuously being. projected through the nozzles 36 or 37 and that at interrupted periods cold air issues from the cold air jets 40 and 41 in such aman'ner such as to project cold air across the pathof the hot air. Each. of the hot air jets have their nozzle port-ion arranged so that it will point directly into one of the slotted portions 8. When the rotary recording head 5 is moved longitudinally of.

either slot 8 or 9 in the semicircular shaped; plate member 7. It will thus be seen that. if

a recording surface of the character above set forth is carried'on the back side of the semicircular shapedplate member 7 and ad vanced with respect thereto at a predetermined rate of speed-that it wilTbesubject to the action of heated air from the jet 37 as shown .in Fig. 1. Now if we assume that the rotary recording head is turnin in a, clockwise directionas indicated'by't e arrow on Fig. 1, and that the recording head at the left endof its longitudinal travel on cylinder 3,

the nozzles 37 and 41 will trace a path along the slot 8 from point A downwardly in the direction of the arrow until the nozzle reaches a point corresponding to A at the other end of the slot 8-, in which case the second nozzle system 36' and .40 (not shown by Fig. 1) will have moved in a rotary direction as well as longitudinal due to the rotary and longitudinal motion of the recording head 5 with respect-to the cylinder 3 until these nozzles have reached a point corresponding to B onFig. 1., From this position the nozzle system 36 and 40 will tracea ath forrecording along the slot .9 from rig t to left (looking at Fig. 1) starting at point .B in the direction of, the arrow until the nozzle system reaches the end point of slot 9 which corresponds to point B, but which is at the,

other end of the semicircular shaped. plate member 7 Under these conditions the nozzles 37 and 31 have been so moved as to be in a position to trace a recording path along t-he slot 8 from A in the direction of. the arrow first mentioned. It is thus seen that whenthe recording head is rotated and moved longitudinally back and forth on the cylinder 3 that the recording mediums or air jets will continuously trace a jetpath for recording impulses which extends first from left to right and then from ri ht to left and at an angle to each other an that if a recording surface is carried by the plate member 7 and continuously advanced atv a predetermined rate of speed that it will carry marks in which each consecutive direction of marking is at an angle to the previous direction of marking and in which each successive marking in the same direction is in a line parallel to that of the previous direction of marking. In con nection with this type of arrangement, I, of course, intend to use a recording surface or paper which is sensitive to the action of heat and one which will produce clean cut marking impulses when subjected to various intensities of heat such as are occasioned by the variations in thetamount of heat directed which is in turn controlled by the amount of cold air dissipating the heat issuing from either the jets 36 or 37 a Fig. '5 of the drawing illustrates in a con- 'Ventional manner the, various paths of recording action upon the continuously advancing recording surface. The arrow on Fig. 5

indicates the direction of the continuous ad- Vance of the recording surface and the odd numerals- 101, 103, etc, indicate the direction 102, 104, etc, indicate the diagonal 'motion of the recording means across the recording of recording of the recording means in a dire'ctionfrom left to right diagonally across the'recording surface and the even numerals surface in a direction from right to left. It will be noted, upon an examination of Fig.5, that each recording action. takes place as two groups of intersecting parallel lines. To trace the recording actionin the manner in which the sensitive recording surface is subjected to the recording, the paths of recording are in numerical order, for example, recording takes place'upon the line 101, then upon the line 102, then upon the line 103,:etc., until-the entire picture received has been .recorded and produced in the form of an inter-woven mesh which will produce in its finished form the appearance of the desired half-tone picture.

To now describe the system for controlling the heat projecting jets and the. signal actuated cold air jet I preferably provide an arrangement which I have termed a commutator and which consists, as shown, of four conducting ring members 58, 59, and 61 I separated by insulating rings 62 of any desired characteristics although by suitable arrangements a lesser number of rings might be used. These commutator rings are carried by'the portion 7 ofthe rotary recording head 5 and are mounted or fastened to the slotted portion 13. As shown by the drawing,

1 a brush member 63 is carried by the bracket frame 15 which is used for guiding the recording head in its longitudinal motion with respect to the cylinder 3. The brush portion consists, in the arrangement shown, of four contactmembers for making contact with the Various portions 'of the commutator, and each contact segment of the brush 63 isseparated in a manner similar to that shown in the commutator by a layer of insulating material. The bracket 64; on the guide sleeve 10 serves for fastening the electrical connections to the brush members and these connections preferably consist of four lead wires 65, 66, 67 and 68 intertwined to form a single cable 69 and having connections to the brush member.

As shown, the cables 65 and 66 are associated with the commutator rings 58 and 59 to form a signal circuit, and the cables 67 and 68 associated with the rings 60 and 61 to form the heating circuit. To the inner portion to*each of the ring numbers 58, 59,

60 and 61 a connection of any desired type is made, as, for example, from the ring 60 oneconnection is made to the heating element 35 and from the ring 61 a second connection to complete the circuit. Similarly, con

nected to the inner portion of each of the rings-58 and 59 connections are made to the electromagnetics controlling the cold air jets 38 and 39 in accordance with signals received through leads or conductors-65 and 66 and it is through these connections that the cold air jet is affected by incoming signals varied 'in accordance with the intensity of light and shade in a transmitted picture affecting a receiving apparatus circuit (not shown).

I have now described the method of operation of my arrangement in its entirety but it .may' herein be set forth that a'prefer' "able arrangement consists in arranging the rotary sleeve 21, which is at the same speed in as the rotation of the hot air jets.

-For the purpose of enabling the rotary recording head to travel in its reciprocating and longitudinal motion with respect to cylinder 3 with therninimum friction I have provided a series of brackets .70 on each end of the rotary recording head and in these brackets are mounted a series of rollers 71, which rest upon and are guided in their motion'upon the cylinder 3 so as to form a roller bearing surface for the recorder. Thus,

'a roller bearing surface for the longitudinal motion of the recording head 5 in cylinder 3 is provided.

A method and an arrangement for mounting the ends of the cylinder 3, the cam shaft 1, as well as the guide spindle 12 and the semicircular shaped slotted plate member 7 has not been shown since it is believed that it is unnecessary to complete understanding of the invention and would do nothing more to complicate the case but may consist in end supporting plates and associated drive for the rotary elements connected thereto.

For reference to a showing of the above described supporting means which is of a similar nature, but relating to a transmitting apparatus arrangement, I will herein again make reference to the showing in my coperiding application, Serial No. 235,431, filed November 25, 1927.

It will be noted from the description that in the recording action each point in the picture is recorded at two separate intervals of time and that the various intensities of light and shade in the transmitter picture are twice reproduced, each reproduc- 'tion being in a direction bearing an angular relationship with respect to the other direction. This provides an effective method for avoiding the detrimental eflects of static and fading due to conditions of the atmosphere l since-fading and static are shown by many experiments to be different at different periods of time and if the marking impulse at a one polnt of recording is bad due to these conditions the probability is that these conditions will be better or at least as good at the next period of recording. Therefore, an arrangement has been produced in which the accuracy and efficiency of reproduction is considerably increased, and the difliculties of Y sending apicture two or three. times due to poor reception are avoided.

. For the purpose of synchronization, the

system may employ any desired type of synchronizer of which tuning forks or air driven synchronizers of the character dis- I closed in the copending application, Serial No. 169,620, filed February 19, 1927, or appropriate types of visible indicators are suitable. The specification does not specifically disclose any type butit is to be understood 1 that for the purpose of disclosing my invention I may broadlyrefer to a synchronizer as embodying any of the known types of arrangements for coordineting the speeds of 5o rotation of similar moving elements at the transmitter and receiver, so that while one part of ,a picture is ,being explored at the transmitter an identical or appropriately coordinated part is being reproduced at the 5 5 receiver.

v Having thus described my invention I am entitled to all modifications such as fall fairly within its spirit and scope as defined by thefollowing claims wherei n. 6o I claim: 3

1. Themethodof recording pictures, which includes, controlling a plurality of record- "ing mediums in accordance with received 3 signal pulses, and directing the recording mediums to alternately trace marks on a recording surface in two directions bearing an angular relationship with respect to each other.

2. The method of recording pictures,which includes, receiving signals of varying intensities in accordance with the intensities of light and shade in a picture being transmitted, alternately and independently tracing marks varied in intensity in accordance with the intensities of said received signals in two directions bearing an angular relationship one with the other and crossing each other on a recording surface and continuously advancing the recording surface with respect. to the marking, whereby the recording is produced as two groups of parallel lines in which the lines of one group intersect the lines of the other group.

.3. Theunethod of reproducing pictures in accordance with received signal impulses,

which includes, reproducing marks varied in intensity in accordancewith light and shade of an original picture as affecting received signal pulses, directing said marks in a line bearing one directionwith respect to a recording surface, and at a later period of time independently directing marking pulses in a line bearing an angular direction with respect to the first line of marking pulses and intersecting saidfirst line of recording. I

,4. The steps in the method of receiving transmitted pictures, which includes, alternately and independently recording the received picture along two intersecting paths each of which hear an angular relationship with respect to each other. 5. The steps in the method of recording transmitted pictures, which includes, twice recording by independent recording actions the received picture point for point along a pair of sets of parallel lines each intersecting the other in predetermined points.

6. The steps in the method vof receiving transmitted pictures, which includes, influencing independent signal recorders at different periods of time in-accordance with ture being transmitted, recording from one recorder the point for point light intensities in one direction, independently recording from the other recorder at a later period of 7 time the intensities in another direction, and superimposing the two said recordings one upon the other as an interwoven set of groups of parallel intersecting lines.

' 8. The steps in the method of receiving transmitted pictures, which includes, recording a picture point for point alternately and independently along lines in two, directions intersecting each other at predetermined positions continuously advancing a recording surface with respect to andduring the recording action for producing a finished picture recorded in a series of parallel lines each intersecting each other and producing a recorded picture having the appearance of half-tone.

9. An apparatus 101 the reception of transmitted pictures, including, means for recording the transmitted picture point for point along a line in one direction, and means independent of said first named means for recording said picture at a later period of time point for point along a line in a second direction bearing an angular relationship to the line of said first direction and intersecting said-first line.

10. An apparatus for the reception of transmitted pictures, including, means for recording a picture'first in one direction and at a later period of time recording the picture in a direction bearing an angular relationship to said first named direction of recording, saidrecording means including an air operated recorder arranged to move with respect to a recording surface first in one direction and at a later period of time 1n another direct on, a recordmg surface, and

meansfor continually advancing said recording surface for said picture with respect to said recording means. 1

11. In anapparatus for recording transmitted pictures, means for recording a picture diagonally in one direction, a second means for again recording the picture diagonally in anopposite direction, a recording surface, and means for advancing the recording surface continually with respect to the recording means.

12. In an apparatus for recording transmitted pictures, a recording surface, means for recording a picture in one direction on said surface, a second means for recording a pic-- ture on said surface 111 a direction bearing an angular relationship to. said first named' direction, means for varying the operation of said recording means in accordance'with received signal impulses corresponding to picture tones, and meansfor continually ad vancing the recording surface with respect to,v the recording means.

13. An apparatus forthe receptionoftransmitted-pictures, which includes, a supporting member provided with a plurality of intersecting slots, a recording surface carried by said supportingsurface and advanced .cona tinually with respect thereto, a recording means supported beneathsaid support, means for advancing said recording means to trace apath on said recording surface correspond ing to the slots in said support, and means associated with said recording means for varying the recording action of said recording means on said recording surface in accordance with received signals, whereby "a received picture is built up in accordance with the variations in light and shade in a transmitted picture.

14. An apparatus for the reception of transmitted pictures, including, a semicircular elongated supporting surface, said-surface being provided with a plurality of slots arranged at an angle with respect to each other, a recording surface carried'b'y said support and advancing continually with respect thereto, a rotary cylinder carried beneath said supporting surface, a rotary recording head mounted upon said cylinder and deriving rotary motion therefrom, means for advanc ing said rotary recording head longitudinally of said cylinder in conjunction with said rotary movement, a recording instrumentality carried by said rotary recording'head and arranged to trace a path .onsaid recording surface corresponding to the slots in said support surface and thereby influencing said recording surface, and a commutating means associatedwith said notary recording head for controlling the action of said recording means on said recording surface in accordthereto, a recording head beneath said supportmg plate, means for moving said recording head to tracea path on said recording surface corresponding to the slots in said supportlng' surface, a plurality of air-controlled recording elements carried by said recording head, and means for controlling the action of said air recorders on said recording surface in accordance with received signal pulses.

16. In, an apparatus for receiving transmitted pictures, a recording surface, a support for said recording surface, said support being provided with a plurality of slots ar ranged at an angle with respect to each other and crossing each other at approximately their mid-point, arecording head carried,

beneath said support plate, said recording head being provided with a plurality of hot air jets arranged at diametrically opposite points on said recording head and a plurality of cold air jets arranged to each project a cold air blast across one of said hot air jets, means for moving said recording head' and associ, ted air jets for causing said jets to trace a path with respect to said support plate corresponding to the slots in said support plate, and'means for controlling the action of said cold air jets in accordance with received signal pulses, whereby the said hot air issuing from said hot air jet is dissipatedin accordance with received signals and the action of said jet through said slot on said recording surface is varied.

17. An apparatus for recording pictures, a semicircular shaped elongated supporting plate, a plurality of slots arranged diagonally with respect to said plate and extending in opposite directions with respect thereto, a recording surface carried by said plate and continuously advanced with respect thereto, a recording head carried beneath said plate and having one point on said head arranged to trace a path on said recording surface corresponding to the slots in said supporting plate, said recording head including an air chamber, a plurality of connections to said air chamber, a plurality of pairs of air jets for directing air carried by said recording head, said jets being arranged so that each pair direct the air at diametrically opposite points on saidrecording head, means for a direction intersecting said first named di- RICHARD HO ND RANGER.

heating the air in one jet of each of said pairs I of jets, and means controlled by the other said jet in each of said airs for dissipating the heat issuing from said first named jet in acriordance with variations in received signa s. v

18. In an apparatus for recording transmitted pictures, a recording surface, means for recording pictures on said surface first in one direction and at a later period of time in a direction bearing an angular relationship to said first named direction, said recording meansincluding a plurality of hot and cold air jets arranged to pass directly beneath said recording surface and mark said recording surface in accordance with the variations in light and shade in a picture, and means for a controlling the action of said cold air jets in accordance with received si als.

19. The steps in the met 0d of receiving transmitted pictures, which include, recording a picture point for point alternately and independently along lines in two directions each intersecting the other at predetermined positions, continuously advancing the recording surface with respect to the recording action and during the recording action for producing a-picture recorded as a series 1 of lines extending in two directions and forming two groups of intersecting parallel lines.

20. A picture recording apparatus, including, a support surface for a picture recording medium, means for continually advancing the recordin medium with respect to said support surface, means for tracing on the supported recording medium a record extending diagonally across the record surface in one direction, means for tracing a record diagonally across the recording medium in 

